Holiday heart attacks rise as doctors share hidden triggers, prevention tips

The holiday season, while joyful, often brings increased stress from travel, family gatherings, and rich food and drinks. This surge in activity can strain the heart, leading to a phenomenon known as "holiday heart syndrome." Cardiothoracic surgeon Dr. Jeremy London recently highlighted this increased risk in an Instagram post, noting the consistent rise in heart attacks around the holidays.

"Every year, like clockwork, we see a spike in heart attacks around Christmas and New Year’s," said Dr. London, a South Carolina-based surgeon. He pointed out that Christmas Eve carries the highest risk.

According to Dr. London, changes in behavior are to blame, specifically overeating, excessive drinking, reduced physical activity, and heightened stress. He listed emotional strain, financial worries, a faster pace, and increased obligations as contributing factors. Cold weather also plays a role by causing vasoconstriction, or the narrowing of blood vessels, which elevates the risk of plaque rupture and potential heart attack.

Dr. Glenn Hirsch, chief of cardiology at National Jewish Health in New York, explained that holiday heart syndrome often manifests as an abnormal heart rhythm, specifically atrial fibrillation. Binge drinking during holiday celebrations can trigger this condition. "It’s often a combination of overdoing the alcohol intake along with high salt intake and large meals that can trigger it," Dr. Hirsch said. Travel, stress, and lack of sleep can further lower the threshold for developing this rhythm.

The primary danger associated with atrial fibrillation is stroke and other complications resulting from blood clots. If left untreated, atrial fibrillation can lead to heart failure over time. Dr. Hirsch added that the risk of atrial fibrillation increases with age, and is also heightened by underlying cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, sleep apnea, and chronic kidney disease.

Fortunately, holiday heart syndrome is preventable. Dr. Hirsch advises that moderation is key during the holidays. He recommends avoiding binge drinking and overeating (especially salty foods), staying hydrated, managing stress, and prioritizing sleep. Exercise is also crucial. "Even getting in at least 5,000 to 10,000 steps during the holiday can help lower risk, [while] also burning some of the additional calories we are often consuming around the holidays."

Dr. London echoed this sentiment, emphasizing that "movement is medicine" and encouraging daily physical activity. He also stressed the importance of adhering to prescribed medication schedules, even during the holiday season, suggesting setting reminders. "Prioritize sleep and mindfulness," he added, "Take care of yourself during this stressful time."

Dr. London also cautioned against delaying medical attention for health concerns until after the holidays, as this can worsen existing conditions. "Don’t ignore your symptoms," he advised. "If you don’t feel right, respond."